I generally prefer the liquid tests over the strips, but I do know people who use the strips and are satisfied with them.
Alkalinity is the measure of KH, or carbonate hardness. This is the stuff that keeps your pH constant. It's not terribly important as long as your pH is always the same. If your pH starts changing, you would probably want to know your KH/alkalinity. Does it just give you these ranges, no numbers?
Hardness matters for some fish and plants, but not really for goldfish or for any plants hardy enough to live with goldfish and not be eaten.

Many people say that goldfish prefer harder water, so you should be fine.