People can and often do put clowns into small setups, though I've found people usually buy true percula clowns for this because apparently they stay somewhat smaller than other types of clowns.
Clownfish certainly don't NEED an anemone, as a matter of fact a lot of captive bred clowns don't have a symbiotic relationship with them at all, but if they are wild caught it's usually nice to give them something to host in. If he wanted an anemone, he would have to invest in a
strong lighting system, a good skimmer, and be very dedicated to maintaining perfect water quality... anemones (well, at least the types suitable for hosting) aren't the easiest to take care of. I've actually seen clowns (CB and wild) host in a number of weird things that are somewhat easier to take care of, like umbrella leather corals even! Of course these guys have their own requirements but are typically more hardy than anemones- however it will be very hit or miss if the clown will accept it or not.
Keep in mind you can have less saltwater fish than freshwater fish in the same amount of gallons.. they create more ammonia and just generally need more swimming space. Live rock is always a great idea, it serves as secure hiding spots, good surface area for beneficial bacteria as well.
Hopefully that helps some