With keeping plants, I like to have high lighting, thus my expectations are a minimum of 2.5wpg with co2 injection (DIY). I have only been keeping goldfish for a few weeks, but I have found they seem to do well with the Java Fern varieties (Microsorium pteropus), Swords Varieties (Echinodorus Sp.) and Anubias Varieties (Anubias sp.). The goldfish do pick at it from time to time, but they actually eat the algae on the leaves, and not hurting the plants. I tend to plant the Swords in pots so they stay compact in a 4X2X2 tank and the Microsorium and Anubias attached to driftwood or clay pots. They are very easy to look after once you have the correct lighting and with some dosage of liquid ferts they tend to flower often and give daughter plants.
Some examples of the above plants...
Microsorium Pteropus 'Windelov'

Microsorium Pteropus 'Red'

Echinodorus 'Ozelot Green'

Echinodorus 'Red Flame'

Anubias 'nana'

Anubias 'gracilis'

Mango