Hi Jerchrome, and

!
Lets just say there aren't many aquatic plants that goldfish don't eat, so there is plenty to choose from. Basically any aquatic plant you find in pet stores will eventually be eaten by the goldfish.
If there is a fish or pet store in your neighborhood, they usually have a section in their aquatics department with plants for fish tanks. Good ones to look for - the ones that get eaten the fastest - would probably be something like anacharis (mine never last long), duckweed (those float), wisteria, hornworth....
Let us know what else we can do for your science project...