I took the female bettas out of the bag they were in and put them into a plain goldfish bowl (it's all I have left). Should they be in my other tank (with the black moors) that is filtered (I can find a bowl that will float so they can take advantage of the filtering). Or would they be OK in the bowl until tomorrow morning when I can return them?

How many bettas? The bettas should be fine in the bowl until tomorrow, if the water has water conditioner or ammonia remover in it. Bettas have something called a labyrint organ, that allows them to breathe surface area, so they can be in bowls that size for a day.
I would not put them in with your other fish. Bettas are aggressive fish, female to a little less, but still, and they could carry some parasites from the pet store over to yours as well....